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KMID : 1234920200200010010
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Journal of Korean Oriental Association for Study of Obesity
2020 Volume.20 No. 1 p.10 ~ p.19
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Protective Effect of Protocatechuic Acid, Phenolic Compound of Momordica Charantia, against Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in C6 Glial Cell
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Kim Ji-Hyun
Choi Jung-Ran
Cho Eun-Ju
Kim Hyun-Young
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Abstract
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Objectives: Oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation has been supposed as a crucial factor that contributes to the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective activity against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation of protocatechuic acid (PA), active phenolic compound from Momordica Charantia.
Methods: Protective activity of PA from oxidative stress was performed under in vitro conditions. Our study investigated the protective mechanism of PA from neuroinflammation in cellular system using C6 glial cell. To investigate the improvement the effects on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, we induced oxidative stress by H2O2 (100 μM) stimulation and induced neuroinflammation by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (10 ng/mL) in C6 glial cells.
Results: PA showed strong radical scavenging effect against 1,1-dipenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxy radical (?OH) and nitric oxide (NO). Under oxidative stress treated by H2O2, the result showed the increased mRNA expressions of oxidative stress markers such as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS). However, the treatment of PA led to reduced mRNA expressions of NF-κB, COX-2 and iNOS. Moreover, PA attenuated the production of interleukin-6 and scavenged NO generated by both endotoxin LPS and IFN-γ together. Furthermore, it also reduced LPS and IFN-γ-induced mRNA expressions of iNOS and COX-2.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our results collectively suggest that PA, phenolic compound of Momordica Charantia, could be a safe anti-oxidant and a promising anti-neuroinflammatory molecule for neurodegenerative diseases.
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KEYWORD
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Neuroglia, Momordica charantia, Inflammation, Oxidative stress, Protocatechuic acid
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